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1.
Rev. bras. educ. méd ; 44(4): e180, 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1144060

ABSTRACT

Abstract: Introduction: This study aims to analyze the perceptions of the involved actors about the "Mais Médicos" Program (PMM) and the academic supervision process, its strengths and weaknesses aiming to improve Primary Heath Care practices. Method: Qualitative study carried out through 05 in-depth interviews with PMM supervising doctors, and 24 interviews with unit managers, 12 Primary Heath Care coordinators, and 07 Secondary Health Care doctors. Results: Three thematic axes emerged from de analysis: benefits of the program for the municipalities and for the population; the challenges of the supervisory process and the difficulties of the fragmented health system. Conclusions: The actors' perception of the "Mais Médicos" Program are positive, especially because it brought doctors to municipalities with vulnerable areas, where doctors did not go to and where they did not stay. Supervision is an important support for continuing in-service training; however, it requires a better articulation with the different levels of the health system management. The precariousness of the service network limits the performance of both doctors and supervisors, demonstrating that it is necessary to invest in a solid and effective care network. Moreover, it was once again evident that the population will face a shortage of doctors due to changes in health policies. It is necessary to build more comprehensive policies, that will not only result in sporadic provision of medical care. There is a need for continuous actions, better integrated to the healthcare networks, aiming at an efficient and effective healthcare system.


Resumo: Introdução: Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as percepções dos atores envolvidos acerca do Programa Mais Médicos (PMM) e do processo de supervisão acadêmica, as suas fragilidades e pontencialidades para a melhoria das práticas na atenção primária à saúde. Método: Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, realizado por meio de cinco entrevistas em profundidade com médicos supervisores do PMM, analisados com auxílio do software Iramuteq, e 24 entrevistas com gestores de unidades, 12 coordenadores da atenção básica e sete médicos da atenção secundária, que foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Da análise surgiram três eixos temáticos: benefícios do programa para os municípios e a população, os desafios do processo de supervisão e as dificuldades do sistema de saúde fragmentado. Conclusões: As percepções dos atores acerca do PMM são positivas, sobretudo porque o programa levou médicos para os municípios com áreas vulneráveis. Antes do PMM, os médicos não tinham interesse em deslocar-se para essas áreas e, quando o faziam, não permaneciam muito tempo nesses locais. A supervisão é importante apoio de formação continuada em serviço, contudo requer que seja mais bem articulada com os diversos níveis de gestão do sistema de saúde. A precariedade da rede de serviços limita a atuação tanto dos médicos como da supervisão, demonstrando que é preciso investir em uma rede de atenção sólida e eficaz. Ademais, ficou evidente que, mais uma vez, a população enfrentará a falta de médicos por causa das mudanças nas políticas de saúde que não priorizam a garantia do acesso universal aos serviços de saúde. É necessária a construção de políticas mais abrangentes que não se limitem ao provimento esporádico de médicos. É imprescindível que haja ações contínuas e mais bem integradas às redes de atenção, visando a um sistema de saúde eficiente e eficaz.

2.
BMJ Glob Health ; 4(5): [7], 6 September 2019.
Article in English | LILACS, BDS | ID: biblio-1022085

ABSTRACT

In the recent decades, Brazil has outperformed comparable countries in its progress toward meeting the Millennium Development Goals. Many of these improvements have been driven by investments in health and social policies. In this article, we aim to identify potential impacts of austerity policies in Brazil on the chances of achieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and its consequences for population health. Austerity's anticipated impacts are assessed by analysing the change in federal spending on different budget programmes from 2014 to 2017. We collected budget data made publicly available by the Senate. Among the selected 19 programmes, only 4 had their committed budgets increased, in real terms, between 2014 and 2017. The total amount of extra money committed to these four programmes in 2017, above that committed in 2014, was small (BR$9.7 billion). Of the 15 programmes that had budget cuts in the period from 2014 to 2017, the total decrease amounted to BR$60.2 billion (US$15.3 billion). In addition to the overall large budget reduction, it is noteworthy that the largest proportional reductions were in programmes targeted at more vulnerable populations. In conclusion, it seems clear that the current austerity policies in Brazil will probably damage the population's health and increase inequities, and that the possibility of meeting SDG targets is lower in 2018 than it was in 2015.


Subject(s)
Humans , Brazil , Health Status Disparities , Health Policy , Vulnerable Populations , Sustainable Development , Analysis of the Budgetary Impact of Therapeutic Advances
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